Reply to Knudsen and Kristiansen

Knudsen Force Modeling in Application to Microsystems

At the microscale, even moderate temperature differences can result in significant Knudsen forces generated by the energy exchange between gas molecules and solids immersed in a gas. Creating, controlling and measuring Knudsen forces in microsystems can be an arduous task since only limited theory exists at present. This present study investigates the mechanism of Knudsen forces in detail based...

DRIFTS and Knudsen cell study

DRIFTS and Knudsen cell study of the heterogeneous reactivity of SO2 and NO2 on mineral dust M. Ullerstam, M. S. Johnson, R. Vogt, and E. Ljungström Gothenburg University, Department of Chemistry, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden Copenhagen University, Department of Chemistry, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark Ford Forschungszentrum GmbH Aachen, Süsterfeldstrasse 200, D-52072 Aache...

Knudsen forces on microcantilevers

When two surfaces at two different temperatures are separated by a distance comparable to a mean-free path of the molecules of the ambient medium, the surfaces experience Knudsen force. This mechanical force can be important in microelectromechanical systems and in atomic force microscopy. A theoretical discussion of the magnitude of the forces and the conditions where they can be encountered i...

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